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§°§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó 1
§©§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§î§ð §Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §é§Ö§ä§í§â§Ö §Ù§à§ß§í:
| §³§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§î §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú | §¥§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ |
|---|---|
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| §Ñ§â§Ú§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ | §á§à§Ý§å§á§å§ã§ä§í§ß§ñ |
| §ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ñ§â§Ú§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ | §ã§ä§Ö§á§ß§Ñ§ñ |
| §ã§å§ç§Ñ§ñ §ã§å§Ò§Ô§å§Þ§Ú§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ | §á§Ñ§ã§ä§Ò§Ú§ë§ß§Ñ§ñ |
§´§Ö§â§Þ§Ú§ß ?§Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í?, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à, §ß§Ö §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §á§å§ã§ä§í§ß§Ú.
§²§Ñ§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§í §á§å§ã§ä§í§ß§î §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§ç §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î
- 41,2% §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §á§å§ã§ä§í§ß§Ú §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í.
- 6,6% §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §á§å§ã§ä§í§ß§Ú, §Ñ 34,6% ¡ª §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í.
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- 2,1 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§Ñ§â§Õ§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §á§å§ã§ä§í§ß§î §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó.
- 90% §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í.
- 50% §á§à§Ô§à§Ý§à§Ó§î§ñ §ã§Ü§à§ä§Ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §Ú §á§à§Ý§å§Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §á§Ñ§ã§ä§Ò§Ú§ë§Ñ.
- 46% §Ô§Ý§à§Ò§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §å§Ô§Ý§Ö§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§ã§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í.
- 44% §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§ç.
- 30% §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§ê§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù §Ù§Ñ§ã§å§ê§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó.
§¥§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ú §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î 2
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- 20¨C25% §Õ§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §á§Ñ§ã§ä§Ò§Ú§ë§ß§í§Ö §å§Ô§à§Õ§î§ñ.
- 20% §Õ§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §á§Ñ§ç§à§ä§ß§í§Ö §å§Ô§à§Õ§î§ñ.
- 1,5 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§Ñ§â§Õ§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§ä §Õ§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î.
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- 43% §Ú§Ù §ß§Ú§ç §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§Ñ§ã§ä§Ò§Ú§ë§ß§í§Ö §å§Ô§à§Õ§î§ñ.
- 18% §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§Ñ§ç§à§ä§ß§í§Ö §å§Ô§à§Õ§î§ñ.
§£§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ö§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î 3
§±§à§Õ §å§Ô§â§à§Ù§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ 110 §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ. §¬§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Û §Ô§à§Õ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §ä§Ö§â§ñ§Ö§ä 12 §Þ§Ý§ß. §Ô§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î, §é§ä§à §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ð, §ï§Ü§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ä§ß§å§ð §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §¢§Ö§ß§Ú§ß. §¦§Ø§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§à §å§ä§â§Ñ§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §ã§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Õ§à 20 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §ä§à§ß§ß §Ù§Ö§â§ß§Ñ. §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Þ §á§à§ä§Ö§â§ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§à§ç§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ó§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ú §Õ§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î §Ö§Ø§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§à §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä 42 §Þ§Ý§â§Õ. §Õ§à§Ý§Ý§Ñ§â§à§Ó §³§º§¡.
1 §£§ã§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í §ß§Ñ §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ñ§ç ?§°§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ú §ï§Ü§à§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §â§å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö §ä§í§ã§ñ§é§Ö§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ? (2005 §Ô.) §Ù§Ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ä§Ö§ç §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö§Ó, §Ô§Õ§Ö §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§à §Ú§ß§Ñ§é§Ö.
2 §¥§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ 4-§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ö §¤§¿§¶ ?§¯§à§Ó§í§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§å§Ü§Ú, §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §¤§¿§¶-5 §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§Ñ?, 2010 §Ô.
3 §¥§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù Securitizing the Ground, Grounding Security, §¬§°§°§¯§¢§°, 2009 §Ô.